The origins and history of the classical guitar are a little mysterious and can arguably be traced a long way back through time.
Whilst it's origins are shrouded in mystery there's no denying that ultimately Spain is where the the instrument was most developed and honed into the one we play today.
Here's an interesting article by Mark Small that I came across in classical guitar magazine where he traces it's journey from Africa to Spain. The article charts the technological advances, the figures who introduced them and the players who popularised and developed the techniques and repertoire we use today. It's a great read, quite long and full of detail so one that is worth sitting down with over a cup of tea and which you may need to bookmark and come back to.
Noel Hathaway, the Belper Guitarist